As the world grapples with the climate change crisis, it’s clear that no single discipline or viewpoint can provide all the answers.
This blog post compares a transdisciplinary approaches to climate change with interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches, highlighting its effectiveness in climate change efforts.
We examine AI’s potential to integrate with transdisciplinary practice, discuss grassroots organisations’ challenges in using AI, and propose strategies to overcome these obstacles.
Finally, we showcase AwhiWorld’s initiatives to develop skills and knowledge in this critical area.


Understanding Transdisciplinary Practice
It’s important to understand the difference between transdisciplinary approaches from other frameworks.
Interdisciplinary: Integrates methods and insights from multiple disciplines to address a common research question, creating a cohesive understanding.
For instance, scientists, economists, and social workers might work together to tackle climate change. Scientists can study weather patterns, economists can analyse the costs and benefits of different actions, and social workers can understand how communities are affected. By combining their knowledge, they can create a plan that addresses the problem from all angles.
Multidisciplinary: Brings together experts from different fields who work in parallel or sequentially on a shared problem, each contributing their expertise independently.
For example, architects, engineers, and environmental scientists might work to improve city living. Architects design the buildings, engineers ensure they are structurally sound, and environmental scientists focus on reducing pollution. They work separately but meet together to contribute to the same goal.
Transdisciplinary: Goes beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries, involving collaboration between academic researchers, stakeholders, and practitioners to create holistic approaches to complex problems. Imagine a community trying to reduce plastic waste.
Residents, mana whenua, environmental scientists, business owners, technologists, artists and policymakers create a solution.
They share their different perspectives and knowledge, and together, they develop a comprehensive plan that everyone supports and helps implement.
Why This Practice is Crucial for Climate Change
Transdisciplinarity integrates multiple perspectives and incorporates the “hidden third,” a concept introduced by Basarab Nicolescu.
The “hidden third” mediates between different viewpoints, creating a space where new, innovative solutions can emerge. Nicolescu emphasizes that transdisciplinary approaches are essential for sustainable development projects that require inputs from natural sciences, social sciences, and local communities. Moreover, he highlights the importance of integrating spiritual insights with other knowledge systems and disciplines – something important to AwhiWorld’s own practice.
This spiritual dimension fosters a deeper connection with nature and the universe, which is crucial for addressing complex issues like climate change, particularly in locations such as New Zealand, where Indigenous and other practitioners bring multidimensional viewpoints that are culturally critical and repeatedly disavowed and colonised.
Transdisciplinary methods often lead to solutions that do not neatly fit into predefined categories, promoting innovation and unconventional thinking.
Transdisciplinary methods transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries, engage a broader range of stakeholders, and consider spiritual and cultural dimensions, leading to more holistic, innovative, and sustainable outcomes. That’s why transdisciplinary approaches to climate change are, in our opinion, the most effective option.
That said, its important to note that each approach—interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, and transdisciplinary—has unique strengths. (They are also contested terms presented here at a very basic level) Understanding each approach’s strengths and considering different contexts and specific projects is critical.


AI Enhances Approaches
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence in machines programmed to think, learn, and adapt. AI systems can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation. Open AI: 4.0 2024
Artificial Intelligence (AI) significantly boosts the effectiveness of transdisciplinary approaches in addressing climate change. By integrating diverse fields and facilitating collaboration, AI enhances our ability to tackle this complex issue in several ways.
AI plays a crucial role in improving how we handle data. It can gather and analyse huge amounts of information from areas like weather science, economics, and social studies. By finding patterns and connections in this data, AI helps create more informed and effective policy decisions.
AI also makes it easier for experts from different fields to work together. AI tools provide platforms for sharing data and collaborating on joint projects. This teamwork leads to more comprehensive solutions, combining the knowledge and skills of everyone involved and also saving a huge amount of time.
Predictive modelling is another area where AI is incredibly effective. AI makes predictions more accurate and detailed, helping us forecast future climate scenarios and understand their potential impacts. This allows communities and governments to plan more effectively together.
In decision-making, AI can analyse complex information and offer clear, actionable insights. Policymakers can use these insights to make well-informed decisions, ensuring strategies are based on solid data and thorough analysis.
Lastly, AI boosts engagement through advanced visualisation tools. These tools turn complex data into easy-to-understand maps, graphs, and simulations. By making information accessible to everyone, including those without technical expertise, AI ensures broader involvement and a shared understanding of the issues.
Barriers to AI Use in Grassroots and Community Groups and Steps to Overcome Them
Despite AI’s potential benefits, several barriers make it difficult for grassroots and community groups to use this technology. We must address these challenges to help these groups fully benefit from AI.
One major barrier is the need for more access to advanced technology. High costs and the need for specialised skills make it challenging for grassroots organisations to get and use AI tools. Increasing funding and support, such as financial help and subsidies, can make it easier for these organisations to use AI effectively.
Data accessibility and quality are also big challenges. Due to limited resources and infrastructure, many grassroots organisations need help collecting, accessing, and managing the data they need. Creating open-access data repositories and improving data-sharing systems can provide the data required for AI applications, ensuring these organisations have access to high-quality information.
Ethical and privacy concerns are also an issue. Fears about data misuse, surveillance, and bias in AI algorithms make people hesitant to use these technologies actively. Creating ethical guidelines and privacy standards for AI helps build trust and use it responsibly, which addresses fears. Additionally, giving people the knowledge and skills to understand and deal with risks is essential.
Interoperability and integration challenges are also significant. Ensuring new AI technologies work well with existing systems and data sources is often complex and costly. Improving technical infrastructure by investing in internet connectivity and compatible hardware and software is crucial for the effective use of AI.
Technical expertise and training are critical issues, but overcoming these challenges can have huge benefits. Equipping community members with the necessary skills through training programmes and workshops on AI and data science can empower these groups to maximise their impact and fully benefit from AI.
Unfortunately, avoiding AI due to these potential issues is becoming increasingly complex, as it is being integrated into nearly every aspect of our lives, often without consumers having a choice. Rather than trying to avoid AI altogether—which will soon be almost impossible—it is more useful to understand the risks and build personal agency to navigate its use responsibly.
Transdisciplinary approaches to climate change using AI are a real opportunity to leverage a societally changing technology with an approach that is likely the most effective way to deal with this incredibly complex issue. The next step is to change attitudes and take action.

What We Offer
At AwhiWorld, we promote transdisciplinary approaches and AI to address complex issues like climate change. Our labs and programs are designed to foster innovation, collaboration, and practical solutions.
We offer coaching, mentoring, and workshops to build skills in these critical areas.
Join us in creating a sustainable future through integrated, cutting-edge research and technology and community engagement.
REFERENCES
Bammer, G. (2013). Disciplining Interdisciplinarity: Integration and Implementation Sciences for Researching Complex Real-World Problems. ANU Press. Link
Klein, J. T. (2014). Discourses of transdisciplinarity: Looking back to the future. Futures, 63, 68-74. ScienceDirect Link
Nicolescu, B. (2012). Transdisciplinarity: The Hidden Third, Between the Subject and the Object. Human and Social Studies, 1(1), 13-28. Link
North Carolina State University. (2020). The Difference Between Multidisciplinary, Interdisciplinary, and Convergence Research. Research Development Office. Link
Research Toolkit for Librarians. (n.d.). Multidisciplinarity, Interdisciplinarity, Transdisciplinarity. Oklahoma State University Library Link
Rigolot, C. Transdisciplinarity as a discipline and a way of being: complementarities and creative tensions. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 7, 100 (2020) Link
Utrecht University. (n.d.). Multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinarity; what is what? Utrecht University. Link
Utrecht University. (n.d.). What is transdisciplinary research? Utrecht University. Link
All images co-created with Midjourney





